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农业部：构筑农业绿色未来的九大核心解读

2017-10-20 10:42:14 来源：中国农机网 阅读量：34777 评论

导读：自2012年以来，国家部署了一系列重大决策，农业绿色发展实现了良好开局。但总体上看，农业主要依靠资源消耗的粗放经营方式没有根本改变，农业面源污染和生态退化的趋势尚未有效遏制，绿色农产品和生态产品供给还不能满足人民群众日益增长的需求，农业支撑保障制度体系有待进一步健全。为创新体制机制，推进农业绿色发展，9月30日，中办、国办印发《关于创新体制机制推进农业绿色发展的意见》，目前，农业部已经陆续发布

　　【中国农机网 本站原创】　自2012年以来，国家部署了一系列重大决策，农业绿色发展实现了良好开局。但总体上看，农业主要依靠资源消耗的粗放经营方式没有根本改变，农业面源污染和生态退化的趋势尚未有效遏制，绿色农产品和生态产品供给还不能满足人民群众日益增长的需求，农业支撑保障制度体系有待进一步健全。为创新体制机制，推进农业绿色发展，9月30日，中办、国办印发《关于创新体制机制推进农业绿色发展的意见》，目前，农业部已经陆续发布九个方面的政策解读。
 
农业部：构筑农业绿色未来的九大核心解读
 
　　解读一 保护农业耕地资源环境
 
　　严格控制城市空间总面积的扩张，控制各类建设占用耕地，保护好平原和城市周边的基本农田，优化农业主体功能和空间布局，构建科学适度有序的农业空间布局体系；强化资源环境管控，建立农业产业准入负面清单制度，因地制宜制定禁止和限制发展产业名录，控制种养业发展规模和强度。
 
　　解读二 打造“绿色扶贫”模式
 
　　抓住农业供给侧结构性改革的有利机遇，适应消费市场升级需求，在贫困地区大力发展绿色、有机和地理标识绿色农产品，打造一批特色农业品牌，带动农民群众脱贫致富。
 
　　解读三 提高节水灌溉效率
 
　　我国水资源短缺，又是农业用水大户，水资源供需矛盾日益突出。保持农业生产稳定发展，确保国家粮食安全和重要农产品有效供给，必须做好农业节水这篇大文章，推进品种节水、结构节水、农艺节水、工程节水、制度节水等五方面来提高农业用水效率，力争到2020年，农田灌溉水有效利用系数提高到0.55以上。
 
　　解读四 农药化肥“减量增效”
 
　　《意见》提出，到2020年，主要农作物化肥、农药使用量实现零增长，化肥、农药利用率将达到40%以上。实现以上目标，各地要加大使用有机肥代替化肥，提高施药效率，加快新机具的推广等持续加力、久久为功。
 
　　解读五  农业废弃物“资源化”
 
　　《意见》提出，到2020年秸秆综合利用率达到85%，养殖废弃物综合利用率达到75%，农膜回收率达到80%。实现这一目标，要深入实施东北地区秸秆处理行动、畜禽粪污资源化行动、农膜回收行动，强化政策、典型示范、主体培育，确保取得实效。
 
　　解读六 打造“田园生态系统”
 
　　注重生态保育，是农业绿色发展的根本要求。尊重自然、顺应自然、加强农业生态基础设施建设，推进农业与旅游、教育、文化、健康等产业深度融合；注重面上推进与示范创建并举、量化目标与制度创新并行，把农业生态环境治理、废弃物综合利用与农业转方式、调结构和地方农业产业发展有机结合起来，形成“主体小循环、园区中循环、县域大循环”的“三级循环”模式，构建起点串成线、线织成网、网覆盖省的生态循环农业示范体系。
 
　　解读七 加大对我国“大的陆地生态系统”的治理和保护
 
　　草原既是我国大的陆地生态系统，也是广大农牧民群众基础的生产生活资料。“十三五”期间，农业部将深入落实中央关于生态文明建设的部署，扎实推进草原保护制度建设，建立健全“权属明晰、保护有力、评价科学、利用合理、监管到位”的草原保护制度体系，促进草原休养生息、永续发展。
 
　　解读八 富裕渔民的同时加大保护渔业资源
 
　　推行水产健康养殖制度，加快推进水产苗种产地检疫和监督执法，加强重大水生动物疫病监测预警，提高疫病防控和应急处置能力。完善海洋渔船“双控”和伏季休渔制度，继续推进减船转产，开展捕捞限额试点，严厉打击“绝户网”等非法捕捞行为。加快推进长江流域全面禁捕，在长江流域水生生物保护区实现禁捕。
 
　　解读九 完善绿色产品的流通体系
 
　　落实《意见》的部署和要求，可以从健全完善农产品流通体系、加强产地农产品流通基础设施建设和增强产地市场信息服务功能出发，推进农产品绿色流通体系建设，发挥绿色流通的先导性作用，有利于密切农业生产与市场消费，稳定农产品市场价格，加快农业发展方式转变，促进农民持续增收。
 
　　从目前农业部出台的九方面解读来看，农业的绿色发展与我们的生活息息相关，需要我们每个人共同构建，同时也更加关乎农机企业产品的研发和制造方向。
 
　　解读未完待续...
 
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　　资料来源：农业部
 

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